LIST
OF CONTENTS
Introduction
Process Description
Typical
Contactor
Design
Criteria
Photos, Plans & Specs
Treatment
Performance
Operational
Skills
Automation
Potential
Advantages
Limitations
& Concerns
Pilot
Plant Objectives
Costs
References
Contacts & Facilities
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LIMITATIONS AND CONCERNS
Limestone contactors have a few limitations
as listed below (Stepp, 2002):
- There is no direct control of the treatment
process.
- Depending on the quality of the raw water
(pH and alkalinity), limestone contactors may not be able
to raise pH very much.
- Capital costs can be significant compared
to chemical feed systems.
- As water systems get larger, the footprint
required for the contactors can be substantial.
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