PLEASE DO NOT SEND ADDITIONAL ENTRIES. The entries published here are only the ones for which I have somewhat respectable bibliographic entries at this time. I have much more information for these and for additional entries which will be added as I get around to it. I didn't set out to compile a bibliography -- or, more properly, an iconography. This list is just what happens to be lying about the house. It is very much a work in progress, but if I waited until everything was perfect, it would never appear.
However, I would appreciate corrections -- wrong page references, for example. Send corrections to
Mary Rasmussen
Music Department
University of New Hampshire
Durham NH 03824 (USA)
I am singularly error-prone, alas, and I am sure that there are numerous mistakes in this list. Sorry.
The purpose of this iconography is to answer the question "Where can I find an illustration of ...?" I have included only works of art for which there is a published reproduction (plus some that are in the Visual Collection, Fine Arts Library, Harvard University and a few in the Bild-Archiv Photo Marburg).
Many thanks to Isabel Gray and the UHN Music Department for putting this index on their web page.
Music/Poetry/Liberal Arts: [Montfort Pa] Montfort, Hendrick Assuersz. (Hendrick Sweersz. Blocklandt) (doc. 1547-1572). Astrology and Music. Brussels MRBA. The personification plays a lute as two other figures sing. Not played: hurdy-gurdy (labelled "Orpheus"), violin (of sorts), cittern, pommer and cornett. There are two open partbooks and a closed book carrying the name of "Lasvs Herminaeus," the Greek poet said to be the first to write music. In the background "Iustitia et Pax" embrace. As Bergmans notes, most of the imagery here of the seven Liberal Arts is based on engravings by Theodor Galle after Frans Floris (1563, another tirage by Hieronymus Cock, 1565), but the imagery of Music is quite different. (S. Bergmans. "Le triptyque des Septs Arts Liberaux ..." Brussels MRBA Bulletin 13 [1964] 169-186, this repr. p. 172. Bought [1963] as Lucas de Heere; Mirimonde Astrologie pl. 1 [frontispiece], as Flemish, late 16th century; exh Brussels MRBA 1994: Le Musée caché ... no. 6, p. 26 [small color reproduction]; Gazette des Beaux-Arts 67 [1966] 133 [minuscule reproduction])
Vice/Virtue: [Monogrammist AP Pr] Monogrammist AP (fl. ca.1540-45). The Consequences of Drink. woodcut. A scene in an inn/brothel. There is a hurdy-gurdy player outside the door. A crippled musician plays a fiddle. Another figure plays a flute. There is a fool with a belled cap. (de Jongh-Luijten Mirror. p. 168 [not exhibited]; K. Renger. Lockere Gesellschaft ... Berlin 1970. Abb. 62)
Fairs/Festivals: [Mander Dr] Mander, Karel van (1548-1606). Village Fair. private collection. drawing. Includes circle dancers accompanied by a bagpiper leaning against a tree. The blind man with a large cloak, led by a boy, may have a hurdy-gurdy under his cloak. It is all very rowdy. (exh Washington DC, 1986-87: The Age of Bruegel ...no. 83, p. 220 [ok reproduction]) Engraved (1593) by Claes Jansz. Clock (ca.1576-ca.1602). (Hollstein [Dutch] IV, no.11, p. 172; exh Washington DC, 1986-87: The Age of Bruegel ...no. 83, p. 221 [not exhibited]; Simiolus 6 [1972/73] 172)
Nativity: [Floris-Galle Pr] Phillips Galle (1537-1612) after Frans Floris (ca.1517-1612). The Adoration of the Shepherds (1564). engraving. Includes a shepherd with a hurdy-gurdy (not well depicted) hung at his hip from a shoulder strap. (C. van de Velde. Frans Floris ... Brussels 1975. cat. P21, fig. 175)
[Floris-Anon. Pr] Anonymous after Frans Floris. Adoration of the Shepherds. engraving. Includes a shepherd with a hurdy-gurdy (poorly depicted) hung at his hip. (C. van de Velde. Frans Floris ... Brussels 1975. cat. P22, fig. 176)
[Floris Workshop Pa] Floris, Frans (ca.1517-1570), Workshop. Adoration of the Shepherds. Dresden, Gemäldegalerie. Includes a shepherd with a hurdy-gurdy hung at his hip. This is the same shepherd, in the same pose, as the one Floris' Adoration of the Shepherds in Prague NG, who has a bagpipe. (Friedländer XIII, no. 124, pl. 64; C. van de Velde. Frans Floris ... Brussels 1975. cat. S108, fig. 48, as a weak derivative of the painting in Prague. Notes a reversed copy in Schwerin.)
[Massys Pa] Massys, Cornelis (ca.1508-p.1584). The Arrival of the Holy Family in Bethlehem(1543). Berlin SMPK. Includes a blind hurdy-gurdy player led by a boy. (Friedländer XIII, no. 48, pl. 25; Simiolus 13 (1983) 170)
Parables -- Prodigal Son: [Hemessen Pa] Hemessen, Jan Sanders van (ca.1504-p.1555/56). The Parable of the Prodigal Son. Brussels MRBA. Includes a bagpiper, and (in the background) a blind hurdy-gurdy player. (Friedländer XII, no. 184, pl. 103; Haak p. 89; K. Renger. Lockere Gesellschaft ... Berlin 1970. Abb. 3, as 1536; E. Vetter. Der verlorene Sohn ... Düsseldorf 1955. pl. 23; F, Würtenberger. Das holländische Gesellschaftsbild. Schramberg im Schwarzwald, 1937. p. 13; exh Baltimore 1997: Masters of Light ... p. 117 [small reproduction, not exhibited]; exh Philadelphia, etc., 1984: Masters of Seventeenth-Century Dutch Genre Painting. p.xxvii [tiny reproduction, not exhibited]; Vis. Coll. 374.1.H373.25P)
St. Anthony: [M de Vos-Anon. Pr] Anon. after Maarten de Vos (1532-1603). The Temptation of St. Anthony. engraving. Includes a dwarf with a hurdy-gurdy. (Hollstein [Dutch] XLVI, no. 1081, p. 89)
Muses: [Floris-Stalburch Pr] Jan van Stalburch (doc.1555-1562) after Frans Floris (1519/20-1570). Apollo and the Muses (1555). There is a fanciful instrument with a crank hanging from a tree. Is it supposed to be a hurdy-gurdy? (C. van de Velde. Frans Floris ... Brussels 1975. cat. no. P42, fig. 195)
Life and Death: [P I Bruegel] Bruegel, Pieter I (ca.1525/30-1569). The Triumph of Death. Madrid Prado. A woman sings and a dying man plays a lute (a flute and case of flutes beside him) as Death fiddles behind him. Skeletons play hurdy-gurdy, violin (?) and kettledrum. Skeletons ring a large bell hung from a tree. (Castelli Demoniaco. pl. 40 [detail]; B. Claessens and J. Rousseau. Our Bruegel. Antwerp 1969. p. 204 [fair color reproduction]; F. Grossmann. Bruegel: The Paintings. London 2/1966. pl. 20 [whole]. 3/1973 as Pieter Bruegel. Complete Edition of the Paintings. pll. 32 [whole], 33 [color detail of skeletons with hurdy-gurdy and handbell]; R. H. Marijnissen. Bruegel de Oude. Brussels 1969. p. 47 [ok color reproduction]; R. H. Marijnissen. Bruegel. New York 1971. p. 119 [fine detail of skeletons with hurdy-gurdy and handbell]; F. Sopeña and A. Gallego. La musica en el museo del Prado. Madrid 1971. p. 100 [splendid color detail of skeleton and the hurdy-gurdy]; W. Stechow. Pieter Bruegel the Elder. New York n.d. pp. 11 [fair color reproduction], 15 [ok detail of skeletons with hurdy-gurdy and handbell]; C. de Tolnay. Pierre Bruegel l'ancien. Brussels 1935. cat. no. 7, pll. XXI, XXII; Newsweek. Great Museums of the World. Prado. New York 1968. pp.136-137 [fine color reproduction]; Vis. Coll. 374.1.B833.4T)
[Hoefnagel Pa] Hoefnagel, Joris (1542-1600). A Man Playing a Hurdy-Gurdy and a Woman Mourning a Dead Child. Budapest SM. colored gouache on parchment. (1971 catalog of 16th-century Netherlands drawings, no. 120. The text suggests [unconvincingly] the power of music to lighten sorrow.)
Months/Zodiac (June/Cancer): [Pa Vienna KH] Flemish (Brussels), mid-16th century. June, from a Twelve Months series? Vienna KH. Costumed figures play hurdy-gurdy, bagpipe, corno torto and rommel pot. (A. Stix. Meisterwerke aus Oesterreich. Zürich 1949. pl. 147 [fair reproduction])
Music/Poetry/Liberal Arts: [Floris-Cort Pr] Cornelis Cort (ca. 1530-1578) after Frans Floris (1519/20-1570). Musica/Music, from a Seven Liberal Arts series. engraving. A woman plays a virginal and two men play lutes. There is also a large number of unplayed musical instruments, including a hurdy-gurdy. (R. M. Haas. Aufführungspraxis der Musik. Potsdam 1931/R 1949. p. 132; van Dijk-Koopman no. 23; C. van de Velde. Frans Floris ... Brussels 1975. cat. no. P121, Afb. 274, as engraving after a painting of ca. 1556; Muziek & Grafiek. no. 6, p. 56 [ok reproduction]; Musées Royaux des Beaux-Arts de Belgique. Bulletin 13 [1964] 184)
[P I Bruegel] Bruegel, Pieter I (ca.1525/30-1569). The Parable of the Blind Men/Blind Men Falling into a Brook (1568). Naples MN Capodimonte. One of them (the one in the ditch) has a hurdy-gurdy hanging from a strap. (F. Grossmann. Bruegel: The Paintings. London 2/1966. pl. 147; R. H. Marijnissen. Bruegel. New York 1971. pp. 304-05 [fine reproduction], 212-13 [splendid detail, for what it's worth -- the hurdy gurdy is partly visible and not in great detail -- there is no crank, only a slot for a crank]; G. van der Osten and H. Vey. Painting and Sculpture in Germany and the Netherlands 1500-1500. Baltimore 1969. [Pelican History of Art] no. 271; E. Sudeck. Bettlerdarstellungen ... Strasbourg 1931. [SdK 279] fig. 23; C. de Tolnay. Pierre Bruegel l'ancien. Brussels 1935. cat. no. 31, pl. LXXX; TCI. Napoli e il suo golfo. Milan 1961. [Attraverso l'Italia N.S.] p. 128; exh Philadelphia, 1984: Masters of Seventeenth-Century Dutch Genre Painting. p. 265 [minuscule reproduction, not exhibited]; Zeitschrift für Kunstgeschichte 45 [1982] 34)
[P I Bruegel Pa] _______, attr. The Parable of the Blind Men/Blind Men Falling into a Brook. private collection. One of them (singing?) has a hurdy-gurdy. (exh London, Burlington House, 1927: Flemish and Belgian Art 1300-1900. p. 89)
[Pa private collection] Flemish (Antwerp), 16th century. Hurdy-Gurdy Player. private collection (ex Coll. Cook, Surrey). Genre portrait of a blind hurdy-gurdy player. (Vis. Coll. 374.1.An85.22N)
[Ms Münster WLM] Flemish? (Liège?), 16th century. Border of musical instruments from a Missal for the Bishop of Liège (1562). Münster WLM. manuscript illumination. The main illumination is the Ascension of Christ. The border presents myriad musical instruments, including a lute. (exh Münster, Baden, 1979/80: Stilleben in Europa. no. 255, p. 496; Zeitschrift für Kunstgeschichte 42 [1979] 107, as Liège, 1560)
Fairs/Festivals: [Borcht Pr] Borcht, Pieter IV van den (1545-1608). "Haec Rvri Facies Celebranti Haec Festa Qvotannis"/The Fair on St. George's Day. etching. Three couples in the foreground dance spiritedly, accompanied by a bagpiper seated on a barrel. A hurdy-gurdy player performs for a group seated outside an inn. A drummer accompanies a knife-throwing contest. A peddlar has several toy drums among his wares. (Muziek & Grafiek. no. 69, p. 118 [ok reproduction])
[P I Bruegel-Hogenberg Pr] Franz (Frans) Hogenberg (ca.1540-1590) after Pieter I Bruegel (ca.1525/30-1569). The Fair at Hoboken. drypoint etching. A hurdy-gurdy player accompanies dancers. There is also a bagpiper, a child's drum, and a fool with bells on his costume. Depictions of two curved horns decorate the façade of the inn in the right foreground. (de Jongh-Luijten Mirror. no. 1, p. 44 [ok reproduction], as 1559 [first state, with a kneeling man and pigs in the open space at the upper right]; Lavalleye pl. 56 [fine reproduction] [no kneeling man and pigs]; C. Brown. Images of a Golden Past. New York 1984. p. 188 [useless reproduction]; H.-J. Raupp. Bauernsatiren ... Niederzier 1986. p. 227, as ca. 1559-61; C. de Tolnay. Pierre Bruegel l'ancien. Brussels 1935. pl. XIX [fair reproduction, reversed]; exh Rotterdam, BvB Prentenkabinet, 1965: Zuid-Nederlandse grafiek uit de zestiende eeuw, pl. 14; Art History 10 [1987] fig. 7 opp. p. 297) Drawing (reversed) in London, Courtauld Institute Gallery (Lee Collection). (H. Mielke. Pieter Bruegel. Die Zeichnungen. n.p. 1996. no. 44, p. 167 [ok reproduction]; exh Washington NGA, 1986-87: The Age of Bruegel ... no. 28, p. 99 [and small reproduction of the engraving, p. 100]; Art History 10 [1987] fig. 6, opp. p. 297; (Vis. Coll. 374.1d.B833.91[c]) =? Reverse drawing, ex coll. Oppenheimer. Oppenheimer Sale. Old Master Drawings. Christie's, London, July 1936. no. 223, pl. 57. (L. Münz. Brueghel, the Drawings. London 1961. cat. 141, pl. 139.) Note A. Monballieu. "De 'Kermis van Hoboken' bij P. Bruegel, J. Grimmer en G. Mostaert." Jaarboek van het Koninklijk Museum voor Schone Kunsten, Antwerpen. 1974. pp. 139-169. This repr. p. 140 (as "Burijngravure" by Fr. Hogenberg), and p. 146 (detail).
Landscapes: [Cleve Dr] Cleve, Maarten van (1521-1581). Winter Landscape. London art market (1997). Includes village musicians playing hurdy-gurdy, flute and pipe and tabor. (de Jongh-Luijten Mirror. p. 51 [not exhibited])
Inn (and Brothel) Interiors: [Pa art market] Flemish, 16th century. Inn/Bordello. Brussels art market (1982). Includes an itinerant hurdy-gurdy player with a little dog outside the door. (sale Palais des Beaux-Arts, Brussels, 23-25.III.1982; Die Weltkunst 52 [1982] 592 [minuscule, useless reproduction])
[Brunswick Monogrammist Copy] Brunswick Monogrammist (op. mid-16th century), Copy. Scene in an Inn. private collection (1927). Includes a (blind?) itinerant hurdy-gurdy player. (K. Regner. Lockere Gesellschaft ... Berlin 1970. Abb. 69)
Angels: [Coffermans Pa] Coffermans, Marcellus (a.1530-p.1578). Assumption of the Virgin. Berlin, Deutsches Museum. Many musical angels, includes one playing a hurdy-gurdy. (Vis. Coll. 374.1.C655.31A[a])
Beggars: [Bol-van der Heyden Pr] Pieter van der Heyden (ca.1530?-1572) after Hans Bol (1534-1593). Blind Beggars Falling into a Brook/The Parable of the Two Blind Men.
engraving. One of them has a hurdy-gurdy beneath his cloak. (Hollstein [Dutch] IX, no. 19, p. 27)[Massys Pr] Massys, Cornelis (ca.1508-p.1584). Four Blind Beggars Falling into a Brook. engraving. One has a hurdy-gurdy beneath his cloak. (IB vol. 18, no. 53, p. 85; Hollstein [Dutch] XI, no. 137, p. 202 [poor reproduction]; C. de Tolnay. Pierre Bruegel l'ancien. Brussels 1935. pl. XXIV; E. Sudeck. Bettlerdarstellungen ... Strasbourg 1931. Abb. 12 [fair reproduction]) Copy by Master DVH (Dirk van Hoogstraten) (ca.1595-1640), from a series of beggars, entitled Den bedel sac ... (1613). (IB vol. 18, no. 17 A-2, p. 46)
[Massys Pr] _______. A Pair of Beggars, from a series of twelve prints of pairs of beggars (1538). engraving. One plays a hurdy-gurdy The other has clapper sticks. (IB vol. 18, no. 3, p. 42; Hollstein [Dutch] XI, p. 201; Bröcker Drehleier. no. 168 [poor reproduction, after Sudeck]; E. Sudeck. Bettlerdarstellungen ... Strasbourg 1931. Abb. 13; Muziek & Grafiek no. 93b, p. 135) Copy by Master DVH (Dirk van Hoogstraten), in an illustration of four figures, from a series of beggars, entitled Den bedel sac ... (1613). (IB vol. 18, no. 17 A-4, p. 47)
Fools: [P I Bruegel Pr] Bruegel, Pieter I (ca.1525/30-1569). La fête des fous. woodcut. Several musical fools, including one playing a hurdy-gurdy. Others play fiddle and pipe and tabor. (Lavalleye. pl. 55 [fine reproduction]; K. P. F. Moxey. "Pieter Brueghel and The Feast of Fools." Art Bulletin 64 [1982] 640-646, this reproduced p. 641 [ok reproduction])
Grotesques: [P I Bruegel School Pa] Bruegel, Pieter I (ca.1525/30-1569), School. The Fall of the Rebellious Angels. Brussels MRBA. Includes a huge hurdy-gurdy as the body of a grotesque figure. (Castelli Demoniaco. pl. 36, as by Pieter II; C. de Tolnay. Pierre Bruegel l'ancien. Brussels 1935. cat. no. 8, pll. XXIII, XXV [ok detail with shawm and hurdy-gurdy], as 1562; Vis. Coll. 374.1.B833.36F)
Street/Itinerant Musicians: See also Emblems and Proverbs.
[P I Bruegel School Pa] Bruegel, Pieter I (ca.1525/30-1569), School. Blind Beggars Fighting. Basel, Öeffentliche Kunstsammlung. Includes two hurdy-gurdies lying on the ground. (E. Sudeck. Bettlerdarstellungen ... Strasbourg 1931. [SdK 279] fig. 25, as by Marten van Cleve; Burlington 114 [1972] 518, as follower of Bruegel)
[Vermeyen Pr] Vermeyen, Jan Cornelisz (1500-1559). A Frieze of Dancing Peasants. etching. They are accompanied by a rebec player at the left and a Leierin playing a hurdy-gurdy at the right. (Hollstein [Dutch] XXXVI, no. 7, p. 120 [ok reproduction])
Sirens: See also Emblems and Proverbs.
[Pr Anon.] Anon., ca.1570. "Les Noces de Michaud Crouppière. Histoire d'une drollerie facécieuse de Mariage de Lucresse aux yeux de boeur et Michaud Crouppière son mary ..." woodcut. "Fremin de Lipendier/veilleus des maux vestus" plays a hurdy-gurdy. (Bröcker Drehleier. fig. 140, after Winternitz; Winternitz Musical Instruments. pl. 28c)
Life and Death: [Pr Anon.] French, second quarter, 16th century. "Mort au mylieu de tout plaisir mondain ..." woodcut. Includes musical putti and a hurdy-gurdy and a small viola da braccio (fretted) hanging from a tree. (Art Bulletin 19 [1937] 433 [ok reproduction])
[BI Lyons 1550] Anon. "Sirenes," frm Andrea Alciati, Emblemata. Lyons, Mathias Bonhomme, 1550; and Jeremias Held, Liber emblematum. Frankfurt am Main, Simon Hüter, 1567. engraving. An emblem of Seduction. Sirens play hardy-gurdy (?), harp and woodwind. (Henkel and Schöne. col. 1697)
[BI Paris 1539] Anon. "Mutuum auxilium," from Les Emblemes De Maistre Andre Alciat mis en rime francoyse e puis nageres reimprime auec curieuse correcion. Paris, Christien Wechel, 1539. woodcut. An emblem of mutual assistance. A crippled beggar riding on the back of a blind beggar, who has a (crudely depicted) hurdy-gurdy hanging from his waist. (Bröcker Drehleier. no. 169)
[BI Paris 1542] Anon. "Mutuum auxilium," from Andrea Alciati, Emblematum libellus ... Paris, Christian Wechel, 1542. woodcut. An emblem of mutual assistance. A crippled beggar riding on the back of a blind beggar, who has a (crudely depicted) hurdy-gurdy hanging from his waist. This is the same illustration as the one in the Paris 1539 edition. (exh Amsterdam RM, 1976: tot Lering en Vermaak p. 256 [not exhibited])
Views: [Caron Dr] Caron, Antoine (1521-1599). Le Château d'Anet. Paris Louvre. drawing. Includes drummers and a hurdy-gurdy (?) player with dogs. (F. Yates. The Valois Tapestries. London 1959. pl. XIa; exh Paris Louvre, 1965: Le XVIe siècle européen, dessins du Louvre. no. 211)
Itinerant/Street Musicians: See also Literary and Historical Figures/Subjects, Emblems.
[Sc Beauvais Musée de l'Oise] French (Beauvais), 16th century. Hurdy-Gurdy Player. Beauvais, Musée de l'Oise. roof ornament. (H. J. Hansen, ed. European Folk Art. New York 1968. p. 156)
Triumph of David: [Gl St. Gallen HM] Swiss, 16th century. Triumph of David. St. Gallen, Historisches Museum. stained glass. The Wappenscheibeof Hans Sailer. Women play hurdy-gurdy (?), harp, lute (?) and one more (?). (J. Egli. Die Glasgemälde des Historischen Museums in St. Gallen, I. St. Gallen 1925. p. 8 [poor reproduction], as ca. 1540)
Nativity: [Ne Dinslaken St. Vinzenz] Anon., second quarter, 16th century. Nativity. Dinslaken, St. Vinzenz. needlework (chausible). Includes shepherds playing hurdy-gurdy, bagpipe and shawm (?). (Die Denkmäler des Rheinlands, 14: Kreis Dinslaken. Düsseldorf 1968. fig. 43 [fair detail])
Life and Death: [Aldegrever-Holbein Pr] Heinrich Aldegrever (1502-1558?) after Hans II Holbein (1497/98-1543). Adam and Eve Expelled from Paradise, from a series of eight illustrations of the Triumph of Death (1541). engraving. Death plays a hurdy-gurdy. (Hollstein [German] I, p. 66; IB vol. 16, no. 137, p. 200; H. Zschelletzschky. Das graphische Werke Heinrich Aldegrevers. Strasbourg 1933. [SdK, 292] pl. XV)
Elements (Air): [BI Nuremberg 1568] Jost Amman (1539-1591). The Four Elements: Air, from Perspectiva corporum regularium. Nuremberg, Wenzel Jamnitzer, 1568. etching. Numerous musical instruments, including a hurdy-gurdy (!). (IB vol. 20, no. 11.6, p. 167; exh Münster, Baden Baden, 1979-80: Stilleben in Europa. no. 83, p. 143, as Amman after Jamnitzer [ca.1507/08-1585])
Music/Poetry/Liberal Arts: [Pa Basel HM] Swiss? ca. 1540? Castalischer Brunn/Allegory of Music. Basel, Historisches Museum. Among the many musical figures, a woman plays a hurdy-gurdy. (MGG IX, Taf. 60/2 [small reproduction]; Schweizerisches Jahrbuch für Musikwissenschaft 6 [1933/R 1969] frontispiece [poor reproduction, but on the facing page there is a list of the figures and the musical instruments in the painting]) Cf. the painting in Herrliberg, below.
[Pa Herrliberg] S. German (?), [ca.1540?]. Allegory of Music. Herrliberg, Seestrasse, Landgut zur "Schipf." Many musical figures, including a woman playing a hurdy-gurdy. (Die Kunstdenkmäler der Schweiz, 15: Kanton Zürich Landschaft II. Basel 1943. pl. 14, opp. p. 344; Archiv für Musikwissenschaft 16 [1959] fig. 21 after p. 32) Cf. the painting of the Castalischer Brunn (Basel, Historisches Museum), above.
Other: [H S Beham Pr] Beham, Hans Sebald (1500-1550). Die verlorene Mühe. woodcut. An allegory of wasted effort. Includes a hurdy-gurdy player playing beside a water mill (which makes so much noise that he can't be heard) and a man threshing grain in a puddle. (Geisberg-Strauss G.239, as ca.1526. As The Lost Mill, doubtless a misreading of "Die verlorene Mühle" for "Die verlorene Mühe."; H. Zschelletzschky. Die "Drei gottlosen Maler" von Nürnberg ... Leipzig 1975. no. 262, as ca.1526)
[H S Beham Pr] _______. Bath/Fountain of Youth. Printed by Albrecht Glockendon, Nuremberg. woodcut (4 blocks). Includes a Leierin playing a hurdy-gurdy. (Geisberg-Strauss G.263-266, as ca.1536; J. C. Smith. Nuremberg, A Renaissance City ... Austin TX 1983. no. 85, pp. 188-89, as ca. 1536. Notes that there were two editions of the print; MgB III/9, Abb. 54)
Putti: [Sc Celle Schlosskapelle] Anon., 1565. Frieze of Musical Putti Alternating with Biblical Figures. Celle, Schlosskapelle. sculpture. One of the putti plays a hurdy-gurdy. (V. C. Habicht. Celle und Weinhausen. Berlin 1930. [Deutsche Lande, deutsche Kunst] pp. 13-14 [rather comprehensive distant views]; MGG II, Taf. 31 [with detail of the hurdy-gurdy player])
Street/Itinerant Musicians: [Pa Anon.] S. German, ca.1530. Three Musicians. private collection. A woman (?) plays a hurdy-gurdy and two men play fiddles. (Musique-Images-Instruments 2 [1996] 27 [poor reproduction])
[Amman Pr] Amman, Jost (1539-1591). Blank Escutcheon, from Kunstbuchlin. Frankfurt am Main 1599. woodcut. Flanking the escutcheon are a military figure playing a flute (left) and a Leierin playing a hurdy-gurdy (right). (IB vol. 20/2, no. 4.290, p. 555; Bröcker Drehleier. fig. 139)
[Maisfelder Pa] Maisfelder, Alexander (doc.1573). Two Musicians (1573). Ötz, Gasthof zum Stern. facade painting. The man plays a bagpipe and the woman plays a hurdy-gurdy. (Salmen Katalog. Abb. 1)
[Strauch Pr] Strauch, Wolfgang (op.1554-1572). A One-legged Lansquenet and his Wife. woodcut. His wife is a Leierin, with her (poorly depicted) hurdy-gurdy. (Strauss The German Single-Leaf Woodcut. vol. III, p. 1076. Notes it is a block previously used by Hans Guldenmund in 1555.)
David Dancing before the Ark/The Transporting of the Ark of the Covenant: [Meda Pa] Meda, Giuseppe (doc.1570-m.1599). The Transporting of the Ark. ex Milan, Duomo (destroyed by fire). Includes a blind hurdy-gurdy player following the Ark. (J. H. Turnure. "The organ shutters of Milan Cathedral," in: Il Duomo di Milano. Ed. M. L. Gatti-Perer. Milan 1969. This reproduced p. 221.)
Other: [Master of the Die Pr] Master of the Die (fl. ca.1530-60). Other Nymphs serving Psyche at the table, from The Story of Psyche. engraving. Three youths sing from a music and one plays a hurdy-gurdy. The hurdy-gurdy player seems to read from the music book. (IB vol. 29, no. 46, p. 202)
Other: [Pa private collection] N. Italian, ca. 1550-1560. Allegorical Group. private collection. A woman holds a lute (only the pegbox is visible) and points to a music book. A man (singing?) holds a recorder and glances heavenward. The other two figures gaze intently at one another. There is an unplayed hurdy-gurdy. Copy? The recorder sort of disappears into the music and the hurdy-gurdy is very badly depicted. (Tibia 3 [i.e. 4]/1 [1979] Kunstbeilage [fine color reproduction, cropped], as ca. 1520; Tibia 6/1-3 [1981] back covers [fair reproduction]; Tibia 7/1 [1982] back cover [fair reproduction]; Moeck calendar, 1980: April, as ca. 1520 [fine color reproduction, cropped])
Angels: [Persio-Sannazaro Wsc] Persio, A., and Sannazaro. Nativity (1534). Matera, Cathedral. carved wooden creche. Includes six musical angels, one of whom has a hurdy-gurdy. (R. Berliner. Der Weihnachtskrippe. Munich 1955. pll. 6, 7 and 9; U. Bosco et al. Basilicata. Milan 1964. pl. XCIII [color reproduction], as by A. Persio)
Putti: [Taurigny Wsc] Taurigny, Richard II (Riccardo Taurino) (doc. 1558-1598) and others. Putti. Padua, Basilica di Santa Giustina, choir stalls. wood sculpture. Several musical putti on top, including one playing a hurdy-gurdy. unimp. (P. L. Zovatto et al. La basilica di Santa Giustina. Castelfranco Veneto. 1970. pp. 262-63, as 1558-1566)
Street/Itinerant Musicians: [Allori Dr] Allori, Alessandro (1535-1607). Hurdy-Gurdy Player. Florence Uffizi. drawing. (Vis. Coll. 372d.A157.51[g])
[Allori Dr] _______. Presentation of the Virgin. private collection. Includes a blind street musician with a hurdy-gurdy standing on the stairs. (1971 catalog of the collection of Roberto Longhi, pl. 174)
Nativity: [Sacchi Pa] Sacchi, Pier Francesco (op.1512-1527), attr. Adoration of the Shepherds. Greenville SC, Bob Jones University. Includes a shepherd with a hurdy-gurdy. The instrument has no strings and many other faults. It's a good illustration for "what is wrong with this instrument?" (The Bob Jones University. Collection of Religious Paintings. Greenville SC 1962. vol. I, no. 35)
[Barocci Dr] Barocci, Federigo (Il Baroccio) (Federico Fiori) (ca.1535-1612). Study for a Blind Hurdy-Gurdy Player. Florence Uffizi. drawing. Nude figure. (F. V. Grunfeld. The Art and Times of the Guitar ... New York 1969. p. 38. Notes that the pose is surprisingly like that of a modern electric guitarist.)
[Barocci Pa] _______. La Madonna del Popolo. Florence Uffizi (commissioned by the Confraternita dei Laici di Santa Maria della Misericordia for a chapel in Arezzo). Includes a hurdy-gurdy player. (V. Golzio. Seicento e settecento. Turin 1968. [Storia dell'arte classica e italiana, 4] p. 475 [poor reproduction], as 1579; H. Olsen. Federico Barocci. Copenhagen 2/1962. pl. 45, as 1575-79; M. Salmi. Civiltà artistica della terra aretina. Novara 1971. pl. XXX [nice color reproduction]) Study (drawing) (ex Chatsworth, Coll. Duke of Devonshire; Devonshire sale, Christie's, London, 6 July 1987; sale, Christie's, New York, 28 January 1999) (H. Olsen. Federico Barocci. Copenhagen 2/1962. cat. no. 32, pl. 43a; Vis. Coll. 372d.B265.34[1]) Sheet of studies (drawing), mostly of the left arm of the hurdy-gurdy player. (location not recorded) unimp. (Olsen pl. 43b)