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Dr Kevin Gardner Associate Professor of Civil Engineering • Director of the Environmental Research Group • Director of the Contaminated Sediments Center • Director of the Recycled Materials Resource Center
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Research Projects Geochemical Weathering
Geochemical Weathering Reactions in Granular Byproduct Materials Funding: Recycled Materials Resource Center / Federal Highway Administration Description: This project focuses on the mechanisms by which leaching behavior is altered during chemical weathering of recycled materials. Leaching of metals is one of the primary concerns related to the beneficial use of byproduct materials, but is a phenomenon that will change significantly over time as glassy, amorphous materials from high-temperature processes weather to form more stable secondary minerals. This project is being undertaken to understand how leaching is effected, what the kinetics of the pertinent reactions are, and how estimates of long-term contaminant release are impacted. The materials that are being investigated include coal fly ash, coal bottom ash, aluminum dross, and municipal solid waste incinerator bottom and fly ash. Graduate Student: Bob Carter Investigation of Mechanisms of Surfactant-Induced Hydraulic Conductivity Changes in Soil Flushing Operations Funding: National Science Foundation Description: A major concern with the use of surfactant flushing to mobilize non-aqueous phase liquids in aquifers is specific mineral-surfactant interactions which may effect significant permeability changes in the soil formation. Soils are being investigated for loss of permeability upon flushing with solution containing a number of nonionic and anionic surfactants. Surfactant / clay interactions are being further investigated as the cause of the permeability reductions, both from transport/rearrangement and swelling. Graduate Student: Chris Berg Related References: Development of Reuse Alternatives for the Management of Dredged, Contaminated Sediments, Funding: Cooperative Institute for Coastal and Estuarine Environmental Technology Description: This research is investigating
the potential to beneficially use contaminated sediment dredged
for navigational purposes as an alternative mineral source for the
manufacture of cement. We are working with Blue Circle Cement, in
Ravena, NY, the NYS DEC, US EPA, and US ACOE on this research, and
are planning to expand this research to a full-scale demonstration
project in 2001-2002. Related References: Development of Application-Specific Source Term /Fate/Transport Models and Approaches for Recycled Materials Use in the Highway Environment Funding: Recycled Materials Resource Center / Federal Highway Administration Description:This project is being conducted to answer the following questions: How should States decide whether a secondary material is safe for use in different types of applications? What are the risks associated with using a byproduct that may have some elevated levels of contaminants, and how can this risk be quantified? Should the TCLP be used to provide a best estimate of concentrations of contaminants in leachates, or are there approaches that will more accurately assess this? Graduate Student: Defne Apul Coating of Diatomaceous Earth Filter Media with Hydrous Oxides for the Removal of Disinfection Byproduct Precursors and Arsenic. Funding: Water Treatment Technology Assistance Center / Environmental Protection Agency Description: Many utilities are being faced with having to remove NOM and arsenic to increasingly stringent levels. This research will investigate the efficacy of coating DE with various types of sorbents to remove As and NOM. Graduate Student: Mark Arenberg In-Situ Reactive Wall Formation with Colloidal Materials. Description: These projects are focused
on putting reactive barrier walls in place by colloid deposition.
The advantages are that much less material is required and deep
contamination or inaccessible areas are not a problem as they are
with trench and backfill approaches. Related References: Bower,K.C., K.H. Gardner, C.M. Miller, and L. Kong, "In-Situ Colloidal MnO2 Deposition and Ozonation of 2,4-Dinitrotoluene," Environmental Engineering and Science (In Press). Gardner, K.H., C.M. Miller, L. Kong, "Placement of a Colloidal-Catalyst In Situ Reactive Treatment Wall," Second International Conference on Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds, Monterey, California May 22-25, 2000. Miller, C. M., K. Bower, S. Duirk, and K. H. Gardner, "Metal Oxide-Coated Sand-Catalyzed Ozonation of 2,4-Dinitrotoluene," Second International Conference on Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds, Monterey, California, May 22-25, 2000
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